Condiciones laborales, compromiso con el trabajo y salud: un análisis de mediación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/face.v22i3.1442Palabras clave:
compromiso con el trabajo, demandas laborales, latitud de decisión, tensión laboral, bienestarResumen
Este estudio examinó si el compromiso laboral actúa como mediador en la relación entre el modelo de estrés Demanda-Control y el bienestar de los trabajadores. Utilizando datos de 463 trabajadores que completaron el Job Content Questionnaire, la Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) y las subescalas de vitalidad, dolor y salud mental del Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), se realizaron análisis de camino mediado mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM). Los resultados revelaron que el compromiso con el trabajo medió parcialmente las asociaciones entre la latitud de decisión y el bienestar, así como entre la tensión laboral y el bienestar. Además, se encontró que la tensión laboral se relacionó negativamente tanto con el compromiso con el trabajo como con el bienestar. Por otro lado, aunque las demandas laborales se asociaron negativamente con el bienestar, no mostraron una asociación significativa con el compromiso laboral, en contraste con las expectativas iniciales. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las condiciones laborales adversas pueden impactar el bienestar de los trabajadores tanto directamente, a través de reacciones de estrés, como indirectamente, al reducir la motivación laboral, es decir, el compromiso con el trabajo.
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