Botulinum toxin type A in the prevention of hypertrophic scarring: from the molecular mechanism (TGF-B1/CTGF) to the optimization of dose, timing and technique. Narrative review of the literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/cbs.v4i4.4673Keywords:
Botulinum toxins type A, Hypertrophic scar, Wound healing, Transforming growth factor beta1, FibroblastsAbstract
Introduction: Botulinum toxin type A (TBA) is proposed to prevent hypertrophic scarring, but the relationship between its mechanism and the optimal regimen remains undefined. Objective: To review in a narrative way the link mechanism-dose/moment/technique. Methods: Search in five databases (2015–2025, English), including clinical and mechanistic studies. Results: Early TBA improves scar quality compared to control in distinct locations and reduces TGF-B1, CTGF, fibroblast proliferation and collagen; The optimal dose depends on the site. Conclusion: Promising complement in high-risk patients, without a standardized schedule; The evidence on technique is insufficient.
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