Functional Neuromuscular Profile in School-Aged Adolescents: Magnitude of Change in Normalized Concentric Impulse Versus Jump Height in CMJ and ABK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/afdh.v17i1.4674Keywords:
neuromuscular profile, concentric impulse, jump height, school-aged, adolescents, force platformAbstract
Jump height alone can mask distinct neuromuscular strategies. Objective: To characterize the functional neuromuscular profile of adolescent students by evaluating vertical jump metrics, specifically examining the magnitude of change in normalized concentric impulse relative to jump height. Methodology: A prospective longitudinal study involving two measurements (baseline and December 2025) was conducted on 34 secondary school students (grades 1–5; age: 14,56±1,14 years; mass: 58,64±11,91 kg; height: 1,64±0,08 m) with valid paired data. Assessments were performed using VALD ForceDecks dual force plates at 1000 Hz for countermovement jumps (CMJ) and arm-swing jumps (ABK). The Shapiro-Wilk test was applied, followed by either Student’s t-test or the Wilcoxon test for each variable, alongside Cohen’s d. Results: Jump height increased significantly in both CMJ (19,58±5,59 to 21,26±5,40 cm; p=0,009; d=0,48) and ABK (22,01±6,88 to 24,46±7,10 cm; p=0,005; d=0,51). Concentric impulse normalized to body mass showed the largest effect size in both jump types (CMJ: d=0,79; ABK: d=0,74; p<0,001 for both). Eccentric deceleration impulse in the CMJ showed a statistically significant change according to the Wilcoxon test (p=0,035), with a small magnitude (d=0,22); no other eccentric phase variables showed significant changes in either jump type. Conclusion: In this group of schoolchildren, normalized concentric impulse showed the greatest magnitude of change; this finding is therefore consistent with its utility as a complementary indicator for neuromuscular monitoring in school settings.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Giancarlo Jossue Yfuma Pedroza, Andres Alonso Acevedo Mindiola, Diomedes Augusto García Hilares
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