Inspección de aisladores en líneas de transmisión eléctrica usando inteligencia artificial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/rcta.v2i36.25Keywords:
Aisladores eléctricos, Redes neuronales artificiales, YOLO, Detección de objetos, Vehículos aéreos no tripulados.Abstract
Uno de los procesos más importantes en la inspección de líneas de transmisión eléctrica es la detección de fallas en aisladores eléctricos. El defecto más común encontrado en los aisladores eléctricos es el quiebre de discos dentro de la cadena de aisladores. El uso de métodos tradicionales de segmentación por binarización indican una pobre capacidad para detectar un aislador si hay muchos cambios en el medio en el que se encuentra. Un algoritmo de inteligencia artificial conocido como You Only Look Once (YOLO) se usa para detectar y localizar los aisladores eléctricos a partir de imágenes de torres eléctricas de alta tensión. Posteriormente a la localización de los aisladores eléctricos, se realiza un escalado al doble del tamaño de la imagen original del aislador eléctrico usando un interpolador cúbico. De tal forma que le permita al supervisor de las líneas eléctricas de alta tensión realizar una correcta visualización de los aisladores a inspeccionar. La arquitectura de redes neuronales convolucionales MobileNet empleando el algoritmo YOLO, presentó resultados superiores en precisión y velocidad de ejecución con respecto a las arquitecturas Full YOLO e InceptionV3.
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