Body Composition and Physical Fitness Performance in Schoolchildren Aged 6 to 16 Years
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/afdh.v10i1.611Keywords:
Condición física, Composición corporal, Salud, Escolares, Eurofit, NutriciónAbstract
This systematic review aimed to analyze the relationship between body composition and physical fitness performance in schoolchildren aged 6 to 16 years. The search included articles published between 2009 and 2019 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese databases. Initially, 337 articles were identified, and a total of 14 studies were selected for final analysis. Methodologically, variables such as physical fitness, body composition, nutritional assessment, and physical activity were considered. The results suggest that physical fitness increases with age but decreases in the presence of obesity, which currently shows significant prevalence rates of overweight and obesity. Cardiovascular risk in both sexes was associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness, and moderate to high BMI correlated with overweight. Boys showed higher fitness indices in strength and power, while girls excelled in flexibility and balance. Overall, physical fitness improved with age, more prominently in boys than in girls. In conclusion, body composition is significantly related to physical fitness, highlighting the importance of addressing overweight and obesity to improve health outcomes in school-aged children.
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