Neuromuscular profile, grip strength, and movement speed in racing swimmers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/4myxqy12Keywords:
swimming, muscle strength , velocity, sports performance, neuromuscular profileAbstract
Several factors influence performance in swimming, a sport in which time is a critical determinant. Therefore, implementing strategies that optimize athletic outcomes is essential. Objective: To determine the relationship between neuromuscular profile, grip strength, and swimming velocity in racing swimmers. Methodology: A descriptive-correlational study was conducted with 125 swimmers over 12 years of age from the Antioquia Swimming League. Assessments included the neuromuscular profile—squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), and continuous jumps—reactive strength index (RSI), Q-index, grip strength (hand dynamometry), and 15 m and 50 m swim times. Bivariate analysis sought to establish the relationships between the study variables. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test was applied (n>50). Depending on data distribution, parametric (Pearson correlation) and non-parametric (Spearman) tests were applied, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Significant negative correlations were found between swimming times and neuromuscular and grip strength variables, particularly SJ, CMJ, and RSI. Additionally, an inverse and significant relationship was identified between age, body weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) with 15 m and 50 m swimming times. Conclusions: Greater neuromuscular capacity and grip strength are associated with improved performance in sprint events and are key determinants of performance, which is why they should be systematically integrated into the training programs of sprint swimmers.
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