Robotic surgery in Colombia: an analysis from experience and perspectives for its evolution

Abstract

Introduction: Robotic surgery has transformed surgical practice worldwide due to its precision, reduced risk of complications, and shorter recovery times. However, its adoption in Colombia has been limited since the first intervention in 2010, performed by Clínica de Marly. Currently, only seven additional robots are available, all located in Bogotá, highlighting its low penetration in the country. Methods: A reflective analysis was conducted based on our experience and a review of data on the implementation of robotic surgery in Colombia. Economic, structural, and educational barriers were identified, and strategies were proposed by comparing them to successful international models. Results: The main barrier is the high cost, which is not covered by the healthcare system, restricting patient access and specialist training. Moreover, the centralization of this technology in Bogotá limits its reach in other regions. The lack of local research further perpetuates the absence of evidence supporting its broader adoption. Conclusions: Robotic surgery is a strategic tool for enhancing surgical standards in Colombia. Implementing policies to reduce costs, decentralize technology, and strengthen academic training is crucial. Overcoming these challenges could position Colombia as a regional leader in robotic surgery, benefiting both the healthcare system and patients alike.