Efecto de Las Condiciones de Secado Solar en la Calidad Fisicoquímica y el Contenido de Compuestos Bioactivos en Residuos de Poscosecha de Albahaca (Ocimum basilicum L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/limentech.v24i1.4695Palabras clave:
Actividad antioxidante, polisombra, propiedades fisicoquímicas, residuos poscosechaResumen
Se evaluó el efecto de las condiciones de secado solar sobre las propiedades fisicoquímicas y los compuestos bioactivos de residuos de poscosecha de albahaca (Ocimum basilicum L.). El secado se realizó en una estructura tipo marquesina bajo dos condiciones: i) exposición solar directa y ii) secado con polisombra del 65%. Durante el proceso se monitorearon variables de humedad y actividad de agua (aw), la calidad del producto deshidratado se evaluó mediante la determinación de actividad antioxidante, contenido fenólico total, fracción volátil, índice de color (IC) y composición bromatológica. Los resultados evidenciaron que las condiciones de secado influyeron significativamente en la calidad final de la albahaca deshidratada. El tratamiento bajo polisombra presentó una mayor conservación de los compuestos bioactivos, mejores características de color y mayor estabilidad fisicoquímica en comparación con el secado bajo exposición solar directa. Asimismo, ambos tratamientos alcanzaron valores de aw menor 0,6 considerados adecuados para la conservación microbiológica del producto. Los hallazgos obtenidos demuestran que el secado solar bajo polisombra constituye una alternativa viable y de bajo costo para el aprovechamiento de residuos de poscosecha de albahaca, contribuyendo a la valorización de subproductos agroindustriales y a la reducción del impacto ambiental asociado a las pérdidas poscosecha.
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