Temporary assessment of birds, insects, and plants diversity in the Sucre Educational Institution, Colón, Putumayo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/raaas.v17i2.4690Keywords:
biodiversity, ecological indices, species richness, seasonality, biological communityAbstract
Biodiversity in Andean-Amazonian ecosystems plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance and ecosystem services; however, it is exposed to pressures from climatic variability and anthropogenic activities. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the alpha diversity of birds, insects, and plants across two climatic seasons at the Experimental Farm of the Sucre Educational Institution, located in the municipality of Colón, Putumayo. For this study, sampling methods were applied according to each taxonomic group, including direct observation for birds, manual collection and entomological nets for insects, and transects for vegetation recording. The data obtained were analyzed using the Shannon–Wiener, Simpson, and Margalef diversity indices, complemented by Hutcheson’s t-test to determine significant differences between seasons. The results revealed specific response patterns to seasonality, showing high diversity in insects, stability in the bird community, and a significant decrease in plant diversity during the dry season. These findings reflect the influence of climatic conditions, particularly water availability, on the structure and dynamics of biological communities. It is concluded that biodiversity in disturbed ecosystems responds differently to climatic variations, depending on the ecological characteristics of each taxonomic group. In this sense, the study establishes a relevant baseline for ecological monitoring and provides key information for the development of conservation strategies and sustainable management in the region.
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