From a Current Perspective: Methamphetamines and Cannabis, a Comparison in Mental Health on the Onset of Schizophrenia as a Complication of Chronic Use. Narrative Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/cbs.v3i1.3634Keywords:
Schizophrenia, Cannabis, Methamphetamines, Chronic useAbstract
Objective: To review the onset of schizophrenia as a psychiatric complication of chronic methamphetamine and cannabis use. Material and methods: PubMed, EBSCO and GOOGLE ACADEMICA databases were searched using the terms: cannabis and methamphetamine use, its relationship with the onset of schizophrenia, identifying its effects on the social, family, psychological and personal environment, as a complication. Articles published in the last 20 years in English and Spanish were considered. A total of 4383 articles were found and after filtering, 16 remained. The most commonly used instrument was the DSM V criteria. Results: Chronic cannabis use occurs at an early age among adolescents, which accelerates psychiatric disease and therefore schizophrenia, although this fact is also known with prolonged methamphetamine use, this occurs in older users. As a whole, there are several factors that predispose the clinical manifestation of schizophrenia such as the vulnerability of the consumer, genetic defects, social and associated risks that are present at the time of combining them. Conclusions: Chronic cannabis use unlike methamphetamines at early ages on a timeline will sometimes manifest clinically as a precursor to many illnesses, mental disorders and schizophrenia itself. Therefore, cannabis use in adolescent users will also perpetuate as a trigger for schizophrenia especially in people with genetic vulnerability, developing a very marked modification between individuals with schizophrenia who have been cannabis users, and individuals with this disease, but without a history of use and abuse of this drug.
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