Índice de calidad muscular en personas mayores con osteoartritis de cadera
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24054/afdh.v13i1.2227Palabras clave:
Fuerza muscular, osteoartritis, adultos mayores, obesidad, dinamometríaResumen
Introducción: La pérdida progresiva de la función neuromuscular va a conllevar a grados de discapacidad y disminución de la independencia en la realización de actividades de la vida diaria y fuerza muscular. El propósito de la investigación fue determinar el comportamiento del índice de calidad muscular (MQI) en sujetos con osteoartritis de cadera (OA) (Grupo OA) y comparar las manifestaciones de la fuerza y variables antropométricas con adultos mayores sanos (Grupo AMS). Método: Treinta y dos sujetos (4 hombres y 28 mujeres, 66.2±5.2 años, 159.2±7.5 cm, 71.5±11.7 kg) participaron en este estudio. 14 sujetos obesos con OA de cadera unilateral grupo OA, IMC 31.71 ± 4.33 y 18 adultos grupo AMS, IMC 25.69 ± 0.86, pareados por edad y por género. Se determinó: Composición corporal, sit-stand test, índice de calidad muscular y contracción isométrica voluntaria máxima en flexión y extensión de cadera. Resultados: El grupo OA presentaba obesidad (p=0,037). El MQI del grupo OA correlacionó con el peso (p=0,776**), con pico de fuerza máximo en flexión (p=0,552*) y con la media de la fuerza máxima (p=0,574*). En el grupo AMS el MQI correlacionó con: peso (p=0,689**), perímetro muscular (p=0,571*), pico de fuerza máximo en extensión (p=0,534*), pico de fuerza medio en extensión (p = 0,523*), media de la fuerza máxima en extensión (p=0,509*) e impulso máximo en extensión (p=0,508*). Conclusiones: Los sujetos con OA de cadera presentan un índice de calidad muscular y niveles de fuerza isométrica inferiores comparados con adultos mayores sanos.
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